Types of Window

"Lancel" is presumably a typo for "Lancet". A lancet window is one with a pointed arch (named after the surgical instrument).

If you google "lancel window", you get an interesting selection of images of shop fronts for a business called Lancel, which appears to be a fairly up-market French retailer of household goods.

An Oriel window is one that projects from the wall but doesn't reach the ground. The word 'oriel' has its roots in Latin, via Anglo-Norman, and means a gallery or porch. The Oxford college is named after a balcony or window that was a feature of the building that once stood on the site now occupied by the college.

I trust that most of our readers will know what a sash window is.